unit 6 reflection

In this Unit we learned about Biotechnology. Biotechnology is a very complex science that has been going on for centurys. It hasn't just started in the 21stcentury. Biotechnolgy includes genetic engineering which is a procces of cutting and pasting DNA strand strands together and recombining. We also learnedabout gel electrophoresis and pGLO. We learned about how biotechnology is how we we made cuires for diseases and sicknesses. WE learned about the technologies to Biotechnology and also bioethics and the explanation which also included recombinant DNA. In this unit my setbacks were that I my group wasn't very collaborative and I didn't really collaborate as much as I should have. But my successes out reach my setbacks. In this unit I did really well on my labs and blog posts and did all my cfus and got full credit on my vodcasts. In this Unit I have really done my part and gogt to know more information. I truly believe I focused more in class aswell.

In class we did two different kinds of labs.The fist on was a gel electrophoresis lab where we used electricity currents and candy dye. While the other lab is called a pGLO lab which was a two day process where we had bacteria and would use pGLO to see if it would glow green and the end. Because of these labs I learned moreabout the topic itself and learned more from it. Labs help me understand more because I'm doing myself and with others in erson up close.
 

I want to learn more about genetic engineering. there is really one think I don't quite get and that's recombining DNA. I wonder how genticengineering can help mankiinf and strive manking to greatness.

For my nw year goals. I followed them like planned and I payes attention more in class and wasn't talking as much and did my homework and didn't procrastinate.

pGLO Lab

pGLO Observations , Data Recording & Analysis

1.

Obtain your team plates.  Observe your set of  “+pGLO” plates under room light and with UV light.  Record numbers of colonies and color of colonies. Fill in the table below. Plate Number of Colonies Color of colonies under room light Color of colonies under   UV light - pGLO LB 1 huge colony faded white faded white - pGLO LB/amp 0 white white + pGLO LB/amp 10 white white + pGLO LB/amp/ara 15 bright white faded green Neon green

2.	What two new traits do your transformed bacteria have? one trait is that it is resistant to ampicillin the other is that it glows green under UV light.
3.	Estimate how many bacteria were in the 100 uL of bacteria that you spread on each plate. Explain your logic. in the trillions because one e-coli is one micrometer cubed. There are 100 microleters on a plate. that totals up to an equal to 100 trillion e-coli
4.	What is the role of arabinose in the plates? The arabinose is a sugar which makes the e-coli glow a neon green color
5.	List and briefly explain three current uses for GFP (green fluorescent protein) in research or applied science. There have genetically engineered fish that are able to glow green under flurescent light. scientists have made away to make glowing genes that made a pigs nose turn neon orange scientists have made away to have glowing chickens
6.	Give an example of another application of genetic engineering. scientists have made a bionic chip which hooks up to the nerve system in the mody os small animals and are able to control them.

Candy Electrophoresis Lab

1)  Our experimental dyes and the reference dyes did not match up the same. They were very close but no the same.a) The blue reference dye was larger than the experimental dye, while the the orange experimental dye was larger then the orange reference dye.b)The blue reference dye is a darker blue then the experimental blue, aswell as the orange experimental dye was a little darker than the reference dye.c)For the experimental dyes, the orange and yellow dyes are in the same row.d)no.2) THe fast green FCF because it looks articficial towards the others. 3) to make the owners think that its real vegies in the dog food instead of artificial ingriediants.5)the two factors are the length and the density.6) THe element that helps move the dyes through the gel is the current of electricity.7)Electricity becasue it sneds currents and makes it move and expand.8) you would go from 5000 to 600.

New Years Goal

1) My first goal is to really learn the material this semester. I don't care about the grades as long as I really understand it. My action plan for this goal is to really pay attention and focus in class. Also to learn from my mistakes and ask questions when confused.

2)My second goal is to be less annoying in class. My action plan for this is to only use my water bottle for drinking purposes. Also to be less energetic. I will also only talk when I am supposed to/ told to. I will also help in anyway I can.

Unit 5 Reflection

In this unit we talked about DNA and RNA. We learned the differences between DNA and RNA. WE learned that RNA can be a substitute for DNA and the RNA will move on somewhere else. There are three types of RNA: messenger RNA, transfer RNA and ribosome RNA. WE learned all of these function and their roles. We also were thought about genes and gene regulation and gene expression. We also were thought how DNA can be altered causing a mutation which was formed by a mutagen which is anything that causes a mutation. In this unit I had many successes and setbacks and many strengths and weaknesses. My strengths were knowing mutations and also DNA and messenger, transfer, and ribosome RNA. For mutation we had three main mutations: Deletion, insertion, and substitution. Deletion is taking away a part of the DNA while insertion is adding part , but substitution is replacing it with another. Some of my downs however included DNA replication and transcription and translation. I believe that as a student I am growing and accomplishing more than ever. I believe that I am a better student than yesterday or a week ago and so on. I believe i am doing better because I am starting to apply myself. I feel like the only thing that was holding me back is myself. I am Holding myself back by no applying myself to do what i can fully accomplish. After I took the Vark Questionnaire I used that information and used in my study's and used part id it in my cheat sheet and study guides. From doing the questionnaire I did some visual techniques and used it in my srtudy guide and cheat sheet. When I used that technique it really helped me to realize where it is and what it looks like and on a test it it shows a diagram I can be like oh ya, I know that it was on my study guide.

Protein synthesis lab recap

In this lab we asked the question, how does the body produce proteins. The steps required to make a protein are complicated. There are 5 steps to the sequence of making a protein. First off the messenger RNA is made by a strand of DNA. Then the mRNA moves to the cytoplasm meeting with the ribosome. After that the mRNA goes through the ribosome three bases at a time. Them tRNA matches up with the open DNA bases. Finally the tRNA releases the amino acids at the top, which joins the chain of amino acids being produced.

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_expression

In this lab we Tested three mutations, including  substitution, deletion and insertion. For substitution we replaced a letter in the sequence with another letter changing the outcome. For deletion we deleted a letter changing the outcome of the protein. Finally, for the insertion, we added a letter changing the outcome of the protein. With these mutations the outcome can be a whole lot different to it didn't matter. It depended on where the letter was changed. If the letter was mutated in the front it could be severe and be totally different whole if it was in the back it probably would not do anything depending on the rest of the DNA.



http://bio.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/239/10nucleic.gif?revision=1


I chose substitution because substitution can either totally change the DNA or not do anything at all. This Mutation is different than deletion and insertion because with deletion you are getting rid of a letter and for insertion you are adding a letter while substitution is getting one by giving one. it matters where the mutation occurs because if it occurs in the back it might not change anything and still be the same but if it is mutated in the front the entire thing will be changed and can totally Mutate it.

http://islaslab.wikispaces.com/file/view/additionmutation.jpg/226983790/additionmutation.jpg

Mutations can affect your life in a huge way and can be very serious or be very small. Missense mutation is a mutation where changes the DNA base pair do to substitution of one amino acid for another in the protein made by a gene.
made




https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/primer/mutationsanddisorders/possiblemutations

Human DNA Extraction Lab Recap

In this lab we asked the question, "How can DNA be separated from cheek cells in order to study it?" In this lab we found that by using a polar liquid(Gatorade) we can extract DNA from our mouth getting cell tissue from our checks. Qualitative observations: We used a small amount of Gatorade mixed with a pinch of salt, put it in our mouth then swirled it in our mouth for a minute spat it out,  then put it in a test tube mixing dish soap and pineapple  juice letting it sit for 5 minutes. Soon after we poured it in a test tube, then we put rubbing alcohol in by pouring it in very carefully so it wouldn't be mixed in with each other. The DNA was separated from the Gatorade and into the alcohol. This data supports our claim because without the polar liquid we would not have gotten the DNA extracted from the cheek. If we used nonpolar liquid, the results would not have been the same.

While our hypothesis was supported by our data, there could have been errors due to a member in our group accidentally spilled his/her experiment onto the table do to s/he did no think we needed to hold the top of the test tube while mixing the solutions. Do to this error our time was was extended and we didn't have all the information we should have had. We also had a situation where we didn't have enough rubbing alcohol so a member in our group poured the rubbing alcohol in too fast mixing the mixture with the alcohol  not getting the DNA fully separated in time. Due to these errors, in future experiments I would recommend that all our members are on the same page and are collaborating more on what to do and how to do it. I also recommend that when mixing the two liquids we our it in carefully and not too fast so we don't get the experiment wrong.

This lab was done to demonstrate that we can get DNA from our cheek cells by using polar liquid and other solutions. From this lab I learned how easy it is to get DNA from our body and how polar liquid extracts cells from the body which help me understand the concept of how doctors get DNA from swabbing the mouths of their patients to get DNA. Based on my experience from this lab I can apply this to comparing DNA to other animals and make a new lab stating how are we different and compare the two DNA structures.